The Fusaka hard fork has been activated on the Ethereum mainnet

On December 3, 2025, Ethereum developers successfully deployed the Fusaka upgrade to the mainnet, marking a significant event for the entire ecosystem. This upgrade is designed to introduce fundamental improvements aimed at increasing the scalability, efficiency, and security of the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization. Following the hard fork activation, the ETH price rose by 3.6%, demonstrating a positive market reaction to the new features.

Major Changes Implemented in Fusaka

The Fusaka upgrade is the second-largest upgrade after Pectra and includes ten network improvement proposals. One of the most significant is EIP-7594, which introduces the PeerDAS protocol. This technology allows validators to verify small chunks of data instead of entire blobs, significantly increasing data availability for the entire Ethereum ecosystem.

Key Improvements

1. Throughput Increase: Fusaka proposes more than doubling the layer-one gas limit, which could boost blockchain throughput to 12,000 transactions per second (TPS).

2. EIP-7825: Sets the gas limit per transaction to 30 million, strengthening network security and preventing congestion.

3. EIP-7939 and EIP-7951: These proposals improve the performance and expand the capabilities of ZK solutions, an important step towards improving transaction privacy and security.

The upgrade will be implemented in stages from December to January, allowing the team to thoroughly monitor and address any potential issues.

Market Reaction

The Ethereum price responded to the hard fork activation with a 3.6% rise in 24 hours. At the time of writing, the asset is trading around $3,100. This indicates that investors and traders are positive about the changes Fusaka brings to the ecosystem.

ETH/USDT Chart

The Future of Ethereum: A Look at Glamsterdam

Following the successful deployment of Fusaka, the Ethereum development team will focus on the next hard fork, Glamsterdam, which is part of The Surge phase of the Ethereum technical roadmap. This upgrade also aims to further improve network scalability and performance.

In Conclusion

The Fusaka hard fork represents a major step forward for Ethereum, delivering significant improvements in scalability and security. With the introduction of new technologies like PeerDAS and the increase in gas limits, Ethereum continues to strengthen its position in the cryptocurrency market. The successful activation of the upgrade and the positive market reaction highlight the importance of these changes for the future of the ecosystem. Ethereum investors and users can look forward with optimism to new opportunities and improvements.